Summary: Questions Q51–Q60 cover the 20% standard CIT rate, preferential 10% rate for qualifying manufacturers, CIT exemption and reduction periods, when the tax holiday begins (first profitable year, not ERC issuance), VAT obligations, transfer pricing under Decree 132/2020, Foreign Contractor Tax on offshore payments, Vietnamese Accounting Standards, annual audit obligations, import VAT on machinery, and…
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Summary: Questions Q31–Q40 cover the correct approval sequence for a Vietnam factory (IRC→ERC→EIA→construction permit→fire safety→production), IRC application documents, statutory vs realistic processing timelines, the correct issuing authority, EIA trigger thresholds, construction permit requirements, fire safety approvals, machinery import restrictions, sector-specific licences and IRC scope amendment. Legal framework note (updated July 2025): References in this article…
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Summary: Questions Q41–Q50 cover environmental permits required before production, the EIA process, EIA vs Environmental Protection Plan, fire safety standards (QCVN), Fire Police inspection, construction permit requirements, the prohibition on pre-EIA construction, the legal definition of production commencement, the pre-production operational readiness checklist, and the most common post-construction approval delays in Vietnam. Attorney Vu Manh…
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Summary: Questions Q11–Q20 explain the IRC vs ERC distinction, the mandatory sequential approval process, LLC vs JSC entity choice, charter capital requirements, the 90-day capital contribution deadline, legal representative obligations, governance structure, and annual corporate compliance obligations for foreign-invested manufacturing companies in Vietnam. Attorney Vu Manh Quynh is the Managing Partner of ECOVIS Vietnam Law,…
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Summary: Questions Q21–Q30 cover industrial park vs EPZ vs industrial cluster selection, how foreign companies lease land in Vietnam, typical sub-lease terms and costs, major industrial park developers (VSIP, Becamex, AMATA, Deep C), sub-lease due diligence, infrastructure verification, expansion rights, and land use right registration for foreign manufacturers. Legal framework note (updated July 2025): References…
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Summary: Questions Q1–Q10 answer why Vietnam is a top manufacturing destination, whether 100% foreign ownership is permitted, which provinces suit export manufacturing, realistic project timelines, minimum registered capital, sector restrictions, and key risk factors. Expert answers from Attorney Vu Manh Quynh, Managing Partner, ECOVIS Vietnam Law. Legal framework note (updated July 2025): References in this…
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Summary: Licensing and approvals for a foreign-invested factory in Vietnam involve a mandatory multi-authority sequence covering the IRC, ERC, Environmental Impact Assessment, construction permit, fire safety approval, and sector-specific licences. This guide explains the correct approval sequence, statutory timelines vs reality, and the most common sequencing errors that delay production start — with expert guidance…
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Summary: Choosing the right industrial location in Vietnam is one of the highest-stakes decisions in a factory setup project. This guide covers industrial park vs export processing zone selection, land sub-lease due diligence, major industrial park developers, infrastructure verification, expansion rights, and land use right registration for foreign manufacturers — with expert guidance from Attorney…
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Summary: The Vietnam Factory Setup Risk Map identifies and categorises the 12 highest-impact risk zones that foreign manufacturers encounter when establishing factory operations in Vietnam — covering regulatory sequencing, industrial land, environmental approvals, fire safety, customs, labour, tax and exit risks. Published by Attorney Vu Manh Quynh, Managing Partner, ECOVIS Vietnam Law, advising international investors…
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Summary: The IRC (Investment Registration Certificate) and ERC (Enterprise Registration Certificate) are the two foundational licences for any foreign-invested manufacturing company in Vietnam. This guide explains the legal distinction between the two, the mandatory sequential approval process, charter capital obligations, legal representative requirements, and the governance framework for foreign-invested LLCs — with practical guidance from…
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